Top 100 papers in Vision Science

This list is based on:

W. Makous' list of classics, compiled about 1980 (lots of retina papers).
The list of classic papers compiled by Steven Yantis for his book Visual Perception: Essential Readings (Psychology Press) circa 2000.
The reading list for a first-year graduate course taught by Ning Qian and Vincent Ferrera.
Numerous suggestions by CVnet subscribers received in December 2006 and January 2007.
Scopus database search, based on as many vision-related keywords as I could come up with.
Google Scholar database search, using the same set of "vision" keywords.
Google Scholar search targeting individual authors produced by the search strategies above.

I tried to weed out all review papers. Papers in the list have been ranked based on the number of times the paper was cited as given by Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases as of January 2007. Google Scholar and Scopus numbers agree well, while Web of Science numbers are quite different. Apparently, the former two are biased toward more recent papers available online. Therefore, the highest of the two citation numbers (Google Scholar and Web of Science) determined the paper rank. I feel that the ranking provides a somewhat objective justification for the choice of the "most important" papers. As an alternative to the number of citations I also included the "Subjective score", i.e. how many popular textbooks on Sensation and Perception from the following list:

Blake, R. and Seculer, R., Perception, 5-th edition, McGraw Hill Higher Education, (2006).
Coren, S., Ward, L. M., and Enns, J. T., Sensation and Perception, 6-th edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (2004).
Goldstein, B., Sensation and Perception, 6-th edition, Wadsworth-Thomson Learning, (2002).
Mater, G., Foundations of Perception, Psychology Press, (2006).
Schiffman, H. R., Sensation and Perception, 5-th edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (2001).
Wolfe, J. M. et al., Sensation and Perception, Sinauer Associates, Inc., (2006).
Wandell, B. A., Foundations of Vision, Sinauer Associates, Inc., (1995).

cited a given article.

Disclaimer: The choice of the data sources reflects my personal opinion. Because the ISI database goes back to 1970 (although Web of Science claims "SCI-expanded" coverage back to 1900 now), the citation figures for older papers are likely to be underestimated. Ranking used here should be treated as a guide to the eye only. No comparison of the scientific merit of the included papers was intended.

Email your suggestions to yury@neu.edu.

The article list

Rank Article Subjective score¹ Number of citations²
Google Scholar Web of Science

1 Hubel, D. H., Wiesel, T. N. (1962)
Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex.[G] J. Physiol. Lond. 160: 106-154. ******* 2442 4858
2 Treisman, A. M., & Gelade, G. (1980)
A feature integration theory of attention.[G] Cognitive Psychology, 12, 97-136. **** 1883 2518
3 Hubel, D. H., Wiesel, T. N. (1968)
Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex.[G] J. Physiol. Lond. 195: 215-243. ***** 1066 2315
4 Posner, M. I. (1980)
Orienting of attention.[G] Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32, 3-25. *** 1299 1908
5 Marr, D. & Hildreth, E. (1980)
Theory of edge detection.[G] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 207B, 187-217. ** 1702 1535
6 Enroth-Cugell, C and Robson, J. G. (1966)
The contrast sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells of the cat.[G] J Physiol., 187(3): 517-552. ** 611 1621
7 Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1965)
Receptive fields and functional architecture in two nonstriate visual areas (18 and 19) of the cat.[G] J Neurophysiol, 28, 229-289. * 461 1497
8 Felleman, D.J., Van Essen, D.C. (1991)
Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex.[G] Cerebral Cortex, 1(1): 1-47. ***** 1481
9 Gray, C. M., Konig, P., Engel, A. K., and Singer, W. (1989)
Oscillatory responses in cat visual cortex exhibit inter-columnar synchronization which reflects global stimulus properties.[G] Nature, 338, 334-337. * 1232 1451
10 Shepard, R. N., & Metzler, J. (1971)
Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects.[G] Science, 171(3972): 701-703. * 831 1372
11 Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1970)
The period of susceptibility to the physiological effects of unilateral eye closure in kittens.[G] J Physiol, 206(2):419-436. 495 1359
12 Campbell FW, Robson JG. (1968)
Application of Fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings.[G] J Physiol 197(3):551-66. ******* 571 1338
13 Biederman, I. (1987)
Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image understanding.[G] Psychological Review, 94, 115-147. ****** 1304 1310
14 Wong-Riley, M. T. T. (1979)
Changes in the visual system of monocularly sutured or enucleated cats demonstrable with cytochrome oxidase histochemistry.[G] Brain Res. 171: 11-28. ** 605 1261
15 Kuffler, S.W. (1953)
Discharge patterns and functional organization of mammalian retina.[G] Journal of Neurophysiology, 16, 37-68. ******* 424 1248
16 Livingstone, M.S., Hubel, D.H. (1988)
Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: anatomy, physiology, and perception.[G] Science, 240(4853): 740-749. ***** 888 1169
17 Adelson E. H. & Bergen, J. R. (1985)
Spatio-temporal energy models for the perception of motion.[G] Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 2, 284-299. **** 1148 1140
18 Blakemore, C. and Campbell, F. W. (1969)
On the existence of neurones in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images.[G] J Physiol., 203(1): 237-260. ****** 361 1137
19 Wiesel, T. N. and Hubel, D. H. (1963)
Single cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in one eye.[G] J Neurophysiol, 26, 1003-1017. ** 416 1089
20 Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J., Chun, M.M. (1997)
The fusiform face area: A module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception.[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 17(11): 4302-4311. **** 1072 1032
21 Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1959)
Receptive fields of single neurones in the cat's striate cortex.[G] J Physiol, 148, 574-591. *** 470 1062
22 Eckhorn, et al. (1988)
Coherent oscillations: a mechanism of feature linking in the visual cortex?[G] Biological Cybernetics, 60(2): 121-130. 612 1045
23 Duncan, J., Humphreys, G. W. (1989)
Visual search and stimulus similarity.[G] Psychol Rev, 96(3): 433-58. * 658 988
24 Goodale, M. A., & Milner, A. D. (1992)
Separate visual pathways for perception and action.[G] Trends in Neurosciences, 15, 20-25. *** 962 933
25 Nathans, J., Thomas, D., and Hogness, D. S. (1986)
Molecular genetics of human color vision: the genes encoding blue, green, and red pigments.[G] Science, 232(4747): 193 - 202. *** 409 955
26 Koenderink, J.J. (1984)
The structure of images.[G] Biological Cybernetics, 50(5): 363-370. 918 571
27 Moran, J., & Desimone, R. (1985)
Selective attention gates visual processing in the extrastriate cortex.[G] Science, 229(4715): 782-784. *** 738 892
28 Corbetta, M. et al. (1991)
Selective and divided attention during visual discriminations of[G] shape, color, and speed: Functional anatomy by positron emission tomography. Journal of Neuroscience, 11(8): 2383-2402. ** 684 873
29 Barlow HB, Blakemore C, Pettigrew JD. (1967)
The neural mechanism of binocular depth discrimination.[G] J Physiol, 193(2):327-42. ****** 342 857
30 Navon, D. (1977)
Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception.[G] Cognitive Psychology, 9, 353-383. * 476 851
31 Olshausen, B. A. and Field, D. J. (1996)
Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a sparse code for natural images.[G] Nature, 381: 607-609. 842 441
32 Livingstone, M.S., Hubel, D.H. (1984)
Anatomy and physiology of a color system in the primate visual cortex.[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 4(1): 309-356. *** 413 823
33 Treisman, A., Gormican, S. (1988)
Feature analysis in early vision: evidence from search asymmetries.[G] Psychological review, 95(1): 15-48. Cited 542 times. * 478 812
34 Belliveau, J. W., Kennedy, D. N., and McKinstry, R. C. (1991)
Functional mapping of the human visual cortex by magnetic resonance imaging.[G] Science, 254(5032): 716 - 719. * 596 810
35 Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1977)
Plasticity of ocular dominance columns in monkey striate cortex.[G] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 278(961): 377-409. ** 379 807
36 Gray, C. M. and Singer, W. (1989)
Stimulus-specific neuronal oscillations in orientation columns of cat visual cortex.[G] PNAS, 86(5): 1698-1702. *** 685 788
37 Daugman J. G. (1985)
Uncertainty relation for resolution in space, spatial frequency, and[G] orientation optimized by two-dimensional visual cortical filters. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 2(7): 1160-1169. 777 530
38 Itti, L., Koch, C., and Niebur, E. (1998)
A model of saliency-based visual attention for rapid scene analysis.[G] IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 20(11):1254-1259. 773 256
39 Mishkin, M., Ungerleider, L. G., & Macko, K. A. (1983)
Object vision and spatial vision: Two cortical pathways.[G] Trends in Neurosciences, 6, 414-417. *** 568 746
40 Field D. J. (1987)
Relations between the statistics of natural images and the response properties of cortical cells.[G] J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 4, 2379-2394. * 741 528
41 D. Marr, T. Poggio (1979)
A Computational Theory of Human Stereo Vision.[G] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 204(1156): 301-328. *** 455 741
42 Zeki, S. et al. (1991)
A direct demonstration of functional specialization in human visual cortex.[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 11(3): 641-649. * 539 736
43 Barlow, H. B. and Levick, W. R. (1965)
The mechanism of directionally selective units in the rabbit's retina.[G] J. Physiol. 178: 477-504. * 322 724
44 Sereno, M. I. et al. (1995)
Borders of multiple visual areas in humans revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging.[G] Science, 268(5212), 889-893. 638 688
45 Marr, D., & Nishihara, H. K. (1978)
Representation and recognition of the spatial organization of three-dimensional shapes.[G] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 200, 269-294. *** 551 682
46 Maunsell, J.H.R., Van Essen, D.C. (1983)
Functional properties of neurons in middle temporal visual area of[G] the macaque monkey. I. Selectivity for stimulus direction, speed, and orientation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 49(5): 1127-1147. * 433 664
47 Gross, C. G., Rocha-Miranda, C. E., and Bender, D. B. (1972)
Visual properties of neurons in inferotemporal cortex of the Macaque.[G] J Neurophysiol 35, 96-111. **** 348 658
48 Johansson, G. (1973)
Visual perception of biological motion and a model for its analysis.[G] Perception & Psychophysics, 14, 201-211. **** 611 638
49 Smith, V.C., Pokorny, J. (1975)
Spectral sensitivity of the foveal cone photopigments between 400 and 500 nm.[G] Vision Research, 15(2): 161-171. * 363 636
50 Rensink, R.A., O'Regan, J.K., Clark, J.J. (1997)
To see or not to see: The Need for Attention to Perceive Changes in Scenes.[G] Psychological Science, 8(5): 368-373. ***** 537 635
51 Watson, J. D. G. (1993)
Area V5 of the Human Brain: Evidence from a Combined Study Using Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.[G] Cerebral Cortex, 3, 79-94. 497 635
52 Thorpe, S., Fize, D., and Marlot, C. (1996)
Speed of processing in the human visual system.[G] Nature, 381, 520-522. 635 438
53 Bienenstock, E. L., Cooper, L. N., and Monro, P. W. (1982)
Theory for the development of neuron selectivity: orientation specificity and binocular interaction in visual cortex.[G] J Neuroscience 2, 32-48. 578 623
54 Bell, A.J., Sejnowski, T.J. (1997)
The 'independent components' of natural scenes are edge filters.[G] Vision Research, 37(23): 3327-3338. 623 323
55 Boynton, G. M., Engel, S. A., Glover, G. H., and Heeger D. J. (1996)
Linear Systems Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human V1.[G] J. Neurosci. 16: 4207-4221. 599 556
56 Wolfe, J.M., Cave, K.R., Franzel, S.L. (1989)
Guided search: an alternative to the feature integration model for visual search.[G] Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15(3): 419-433. * 403 597
57 DeValois, R.L., Albrecht, D.G., Thorell, L.G. (1982)
Spatial frequency selectivity of cells in macaque visual cortex.[G] Vision Research, 22(5): 545-559. *** 406 576
58 Julesz, B. (1981)
Textons, the elements of texture perception, and their interactions.[G] Nature, 290: 91-97. * 370 569
59 Koch, C. and Ullman, S. (1985)
Shifts in selective visual attention: towards the underlying neural circuitry.[G] Hum Neurobiol, 4(4): 219-227. 568 422
60 Sperling, G. (1960).
The information available in brief visual presentations.[G] Psychological Monographs, 74, 1-29. 557 348
61 Derrington, A. M., and Krauskopf, J., and Lennie, P. (1984)
Chromatic mechanisms in lateral geniculate nucleus of macaque.[G] J Physiol, 357(1): 241-265. *** 379 553
62 Watson, A. B. and Ahumada A. J. (1985)
Model of human visual-motion sensing.[G] J Opt Soc Am A, 2(2): 322-341. * 439 550
63 Newsome, W.T., Pare, E.B. (1988)
A selective impairment of motion perception following lesions of the middle temporal visual area (MT).[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 8(6): 2201-2211. ***** 361 542
64 Eriksen, C.W., St James, J.D. (1986)
Visual attention within and around the field of focal attention: a zoom lens model.[G] Perception and Psychophysics, 40(4): 225-240. * 332 534
65 Desimone, R., Albright, T. D., Gross, C. G. and Bruce, C. (1984)
Stimulus-selective properties of inferior temporal neurons in the macaque.[G] J. Neurosci. 4: 2051-2062. * 347 525
66 Tootell, R.B.H. et al. (1995)
Functional analysis of human MT and related visual cortical areas using magnetic resonance imaging.[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 15(4): 3215-3230. * 472 516
67 Field D. J. (1994)
What is the goal of sensory coding?[G] Neural Computation, 6(4): 559-601. * 502 282
68 Chelazzi, L., Miller, E. K., Duncan, J., and Desimone, R. (1993)
A neural basis for visual search in inferior temporal cortex.[G] Nature 363, 345-347. 495 349
69 Movshon, J.A., Adelson, E.H., Gizzi, M.S., and Newsome, W.T. (1985)
The analysis of moving visual patterns.[G] Study Week on Pattern Recognition Mechanisms (pp. 117-151) Pontificia Scademia Scientiarvm, V, Eds: Carlos Chagas, Ricardo Gattass, and Charles Gross, Rome: Vatican Press. *** 491
70 Adelson, E. H., & Movshon, J. A. (1982)
Phenomenal coherence of moving visual patterns.[G] Nature, 300, 523-525. *** 350 480
71 Meister, M., Wong R. O., Baylor, D.A., and Shatz C.J. (1991)
Synchronous bursts of action potentials in ganglion cells of the developing mammalian retina.[G] Science, 252(5008): 939-943. 349 478
72 Marr, D., & Poggio, T. (1976)
Cooperative computation of stereo disparity.[G] Science, 194(4262): 283-287. ** 419 476
73 Field, D.J., Hayes, A., Hess, R.F. (1993)
Contour integration by the human visual system: Evidence for a local 'association field'.[G] Vision Research, 33(2): 173-193. **** 440 447
74 Heinze, H. J. et al. (1994)
Combined spatial and temporal imaging of brain activity during visual selective attention in humans.[G] Nature, 372(6506): 543-546. 400 434
75 Heeger, D. J. (1992)
Normalization of cell responses in cat striate cortex.[G] Vis. Neurosci., 9(2): 181-197. ** 433 418
76 Luck, S. J., Chelazzi, L., Hillyard, S. A., and Desimone, R. (1997)
Neural Mechanisms of Spatial Selective Attention in Areas V1, V2, and V4 of Macaque Visual Cortex.[G] J Neurophysiol, 77(1): 24-42. * 421 400
77 Britten, K. H., Shadlen, M. N., Newsome, W. T., and Movshon, J. A. (1992)
The analysis of visual motion: a comparison of neuronal and psychophysical performance.[G] J Neuroscience, 12, 4745-4765. * 398 415
78 Treue, S. and Maunsell, J. H. R. (1996)
Attentional modulation of visual motion processing in cortical areas MT and MST.[G] Nature, 382: 539-541. * 406 343
79 Knierim, J.J., Van Essen, D.C. (1992)
Neuronal responses to static texture patterns in area V1 of the alert macaque monkey.[G] Journal of Neurophysiology, 67(4): 961-980. 334 404
80 Barlow, H. B. (1972)
Single units and sensation: A neuron doctrine for perceptual psychology?[G] Perception, 1, 371-394. ***** 398
81 Jones, J. P. and Palmer, L. A. (1987)
An evaluation of the two-dimensional Gabor filter model of simple receptive fields in cat striate cortex.[G] J Neurophysiol, 58(6) 1233-1258. 393 280
82 Olshausen, B. A. and Field, D. J. (1997).
Sparse coding with an overcomplete basis set: A strategy employed by V1?[G] Vision Research, 37, 3311-3325. 381 183
83 Corbetta, M. et al. (1998)
A common network of functional areas for attention and eye movements.[G] Neuron, 21(4): 761-773. 375 357
84 Malik, J. and Perona, P. (1990)
Preattentive texture discrimination with early vision mechanisms.[G] J Opt Soc Am A, 7, 923-932. * 371 331
85 Fries, P., Reynolds, J. H., Rorie, A. E., and Desimone, R. (2001)
Modulation of Oscillatory Neuronal Synchronization by Selective Visual Attention.[G] Science, 291(5508): 1560 - 1563. 371 272
86 Malach, R. et al. (1995)
Object-related activity revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging in human occipital cortex.[G] PNAS, 92: 8135-8139. 356 370
87 Kapadia, M.K., Ito, M., Gilbert, C.D., Westheimer, G. (1995)
Improvement in visual sensitivity by changes in local context: Parallel studies in human observers and in V1 of alert monkeys.[G] Neuron, 15(4): 843-856. * 359 332
88 DeYoe E. A. et al. (1996) Mapping striate and extrastriate visual areas in human cerebral cortex.[G] PNAS, 93, 2382-2386. 356 341
89 Kastner, S. et al. (1999)
Increased activity in human visual cortex during directed attention in the absence of visual stimulation.[G] Neuron, 22(4): 751-761. 356 308
90 Leopold, D. A. and Logothetis, N. K. (1996)
Activity changes in early visual cortex reflect monkeys' percepts during binocular rivalry.[G] Nature, 379: 549-553. ** 334 247
91 Hopfinger, J.B., Buonocore, M.H., Mangun, G.R. (2000)
The neural mechanisms of top-down attentional control.[G] Nature Neuroscience, 3(3): 284-291. ** 332 331
92 Engel, S. A., Glover, G. H., and Wandell, B. A. (1997)
Retinotopic organization in human visual cortex and the spatial precision of functional MRI.[G] Cerebral Cortex, 7, 181-192. * 332 292
93 Atick, J. J. (1992)
Could information theory provide an ecological theory of sensory processing?[G] Network: Comp. in Neural Sys., 3(2): 213-251. 329 188
94 Daugman, J. G. (1980)
Two-dimensional spectral analysis of cortical receptive field profiles.[G] Vision Res, 20(10): 847-856 * 325 274
95 Olshausen, B. A. et al., Anderson, C. H., and Van Essen, D. C. (1993)
A neurobiological model of visual attention and invariant pattern recognition based on dynamic routing of information.[G] J Neuroscience, 13, 4700-4719. 325 229
96 Reichardt, W. (1961)
Autocorrelation, a principle for the evaluation of sensory information by the central nervous system.[G] In W. A. Rosenblith (Ed.), Sensory Communication, 303-317. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ***** 321
97 Ullman, S. (1984)
Visual Routines.[G] Cognition, 18, 97-159. * 321 284
98 Maloney, L. T. and Wandell, B. A. (1986)
Color constancy: a method for recovering surface spectral reflectance.[G] J Opt Soc Am A, 3(1): 29-33. * 318 265
99 van Hateren, J. H. (1998)
Independent component filters of natural images compared with simple cells in primary visual cortex.[G] Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 265(1394): 359-366. 315 176
100 Gottlieb, J., Kusunoki, M. and Goldberg, M. E. (1998)
The representation of visual salience in monkey parietal cortex.[G] Nature 391: 481-484. 308 265

The article list
Rank	Article	Subjective score¹	Number of citations²
Google Scholar	Web of Science
1	Hubel, D. H., Wiesel, T. N. (1962) Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex.[G] J. Physiol. Lond. 160: 106-154.	*******	2442	4858
2	Treisman, A. M., & Gelade, G. (1980) A feature integration theory of attention.[G] Cognitive Psychology, 12, 97-136.	****	1883	2518
3	Hubel, D. H., Wiesel, T. N. (1968) Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex.[G] J. Physiol. Lond. 195: 215-243.	*****	1066	2315
4	Posner, M. I. (1980) Orienting of attention.[G] Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32, 3-25.	***	1299	1908
5	Marr, D. & Hildreth, E. (1980) Theory of edge detection.[G] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 207B, 187-217.	**	1702	1535
6	Enroth-Cugell, C and Robson, J. G. (1966) The contrast sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells of the cat.[G] J Physiol., 187(3): 517-552.	**	611	1621
7	Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1965) Receptive fields and functional architecture in two nonstriate visual areas (18 and 19) of the cat.[G] J Neurophysiol, 28, 229-289.	*	461	1497
8	Felleman, D.J., Van Essen, D.C. (1991) Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex.[G] Cerebral Cortex, 1(1): 1-47.	*****	1481
9	Gray, C. M., Konig, P., Engel, A. K., and Singer, W. (1989) Oscillatory responses in cat visual cortex exhibit inter-columnar synchronization which reflects global stimulus properties.[G] Nature, 338, 334-337.	*	1232	1451
10	Shepard, R. N., & Metzler, J. (1971) Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects.[G] Science, 171(3972): 701-703.	*	831	1372
11	Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1970) The period of susceptibility to the physiological effects of unilateral eye closure in kittens.[G] J Physiol, 206(2):419-436.		495	1359
12	Campbell FW, Robson JG. (1968) Application of Fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings.[G] J Physiol 197(3):551-66.	*******	571	1338
13	Biederman, I. (1987) Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image understanding.[G] Psychological Review, 94, 115-147.	******	1304	1310
14	Wong-Riley, M. T. T. (1979) Changes in the visual system of monocularly sutured or enucleated cats demonstrable with cytochrome oxidase histochemistry.[G] Brain Res. 171: 11-28.	**	605	1261
15	Kuffler, S.W. (1953) Discharge patterns and functional organization of mammalian retina.[G] Journal of Neurophysiology, 16, 37-68.	*******	424	1248
16	Livingstone, M.S., Hubel, D.H. (1988) Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: anatomy, physiology, and perception.[G] Science, 240(4853): 740-749.	*****	888	1169
17	Adelson E. H. & Bergen, J. R. (1985) Spatio-temporal energy models for the perception of motion.[G] Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 2, 284-299.	****	1148	1140
18	Blakemore, C. and Campbell, F. W. (1969) On the existence of neurones in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images.[G] J Physiol., 203(1): 237-260.	******	361	1137
19	Wiesel, T. N. and Hubel, D. H. (1963) Single cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in one eye.[G] J Neurophysiol, 26, 1003-1017.	**	416	1089
20	Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J., Chun, M.M. (1997) The fusiform face area: A module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception.[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 17(11): 4302-4311.	****	1072	1032
21	Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1959) Receptive fields of single neurones in the cat's striate cortex.[G] J Physiol, 148, 574-591.	***	470	1062
22	Eckhorn, et al. (1988) Coherent oscillations: a mechanism of feature linking in the visual cortex?[G] Biological Cybernetics, 60(2): 121-130.		612	1045
23	Duncan, J., Humphreys, G. W. (1989) Visual search and stimulus similarity.[G] Psychol Rev, 96(3): 433-58.	*	658	988
24	Goodale, M. A., & Milner, A. D. (1992) Separate visual pathways for perception and action.[G] Trends in Neurosciences, 15, 20-25.	***	962	933
25	Nathans, J., Thomas, D., and Hogness, D. S. (1986) Molecular genetics of human color vision: the genes encoding blue, green, and red pigments.[G] Science, 232(4747): 193 - 202.	***	409	955
26	Koenderink, J.J. (1984) The structure of images.[G] Biological Cybernetics, 50(5): 363-370.		918	571
27	Moran, J., & Desimone, R. (1985) Selective attention gates visual processing in the extrastriate cortex.[G] Science, 229(4715): 782-784.	***	738	892
28	Corbetta, M. et al. (1991) Selective and divided attention during visual discriminations of[G] shape, color, and speed: Functional anatomy by positron emission tomography. Journal of Neuroscience, 11(8): 2383-2402.	**	684	873
29	Barlow HB, Blakemore C, Pettigrew JD. (1967) The neural mechanism of binocular depth discrimination.[G] J Physiol, 193(2):327-42.	******	342	857
30	Navon, D. (1977) Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception.[G] Cognitive Psychology, 9, 353-383.	*	476	851
31	Olshausen, B. A. and Field, D. J. (1996) Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a sparse code for natural images.[G] Nature, 381: 607-609.		842	441
32	Livingstone, M.S., Hubel, D.H. (1984) Anatomy and physiology of a color system in the primate visual cortex.[G] Journal of Neuroscience, 4(1): 309-356.	***	413	823
33	Treisman, A., Gormican, S. (1988) Feature analysis in early vision: evidence from search asymmetries.[G] Psychological review, 95(1): 15-48. Cited 542 times.	*	478	812
34	Belliveau, J. W., Kennedy, D. N., and McKinstry, R. C. (1991) Functional mapping of the human visual cortex by magnetic resonance imaging.[G] Science, 254(5032): 716 - 719.	*	596	810
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¹ Based on citations in popular undergraduate textbooks (see above).
² as of 01/2007.

Last modified: 11/19/2007 14:16:21.